Conus sceptophorus   (Böttger, 1887)

 

 

 

Char. T. parva, breviter biconica, solidula, strigis obscuris minutissimis fulguratis, verticaliter decurrentibus elegantissime picta, spira valde producta, saepe subscalaris, lateribus distincte convexa, 1/3 omnis altitudinis superante. Anfr. 9 suturis impressis disjuncti, superiores convexi aut media parte aut prope basin obtuse carinati, ultimus superne distincte carinatus, supra carinam planus, iufra carinam convexiusculus. Anfractus spirae laeves aut sulculis spiralibus 1 — 3 parum distinctis striati, ultimus lineis incrementi parum distinctis, ad suturam valde recedentibus oruatus, basi costulis spiralibus paucis aut simplicibus aut fere subgranulosis cinctus. Apertura angusta, prope basin parum latior; basis columellae acutata et subplicata (2).

 

Alt. 16, lat. 7 ¼  8 ½  mm; alt. apert. 11 —12, lat. apert. 1 ½  - 1 ¾  mm (2).

 

Vorkommen. Nicht allzu selten im Val Kosului bei Lapugy, Siebenbürgen; 2. Med. -Stufe miocaen. 11 Exemplare, grösstentheils durch Herrn Mor. von Kimakowicz in Hermannstadt erhalten. Eine weniger in der Grösse als in der breiteren oder schlankeren Totalgestalt sehr wechselnde Art, ausgezeichnet durch das lange Gewinde mit convexen Seiten , die stets vorhandene stumpfe Kielung aller Umgänge, welche fast Aehnlichkeit mit der gewisser Formen von C. (Leptoconus) dujardini Desh. verräth, ohne aber je so scharf auf den jüngeren Windungen hervorzutreten als bei diesem, namentlich aber durch die höchst charakteristische Färbung und Zeichnung des Gehäuses. Diese Zeichnung besteht, ähnlich wie bei dem im Uebrigen recht verschiedenen C. miliaris Brug., aus überaus feinen, senkrecht gestellten, scharf gebrochenen, in Gestalt des Buchstabens gestellten, dunklen Zickzacklinien, die sich als geschlängelte Linien auch auf dem Gewinde noch erkennen lassen und selbst bei abgeriebenen Exemplaren noch deutlich zur Anschauung kommen. Vier von den vorliegenden Stücken zeigen diese Färbung besonders schön. Von lebenden Arten würden Jugendformen des mittel- meerischen C. (Chelycomis) Mediterraneus Brug. mit besonders hohem Gewinde mit der vorliegenden Art verwechselt werden können, wenn nicht die gänzlich verschiedene Färbung und Zeichnung diesen Irrthum sofort aufdeckte (2).

  
Occurrence. Not too rare in Val Kosului near Lapugy, Transylvania; 2nd Med. stage miocen. 11 specimens, mostly by Mr. Mor. received from Kimakowicz in Sibiu. A species very variable less in size than in broader or slender general shape, distinguished by the long thread with convex sides, the always present obtuse keeling of all whorls, which almost resembles that of certain forms of C. (Leptoconus) dujardini Desh. betrays, but without ever appearing so sharply on the younger whorls as in this one, but especially by the highly characteristic coloring and markings of the shell. Similar to the otherwise quite different C. miliaris Brug., this drawing consists of extremely fine, vertical, sharply broken, dark zigzag lines in the shape of the letter, which can still be seen as tortuous lines on the thread and clearly visible even with worn specimens. Four of the present pieces show this coloring particularly beautifully. Of living species, juvenile forms of Mediterranean C. (Chelycomis) Mediterraneus Brug. with a particularly high thread can be confused with the present species, if the completely different coloring and markings did not immediately reveal this error (2).

 


Revised description (1).

Small biconical shell with moderately high scalariform spire. Early spire whorls probably tuberculate; later spire whorls smooth, carinate, weakly concave. Subsutural flexure deep, nearly symmetrical. Last whorl with angulated shoulder; position of maximum diameter slightly below shoulder; faintly ventricose, weakly constricted at base. Siphonal canal short, rather narrow. Few deeply incised spiral grooves on base. Colour pattern consisting of axially arranged zig-zag stripes (according to Boettger 1887; the illustrated syntype shows only vague traces of this pattern) (1).

 

Shell measurements and ratios. Syntype: SL: 13.5 mm, MD: 6.6 mm, spire angle: μ = 68°, last whorl angle: 44°, LW: 2.05, RD: 0.70, PMD: 0.89, RSH: 0.30.

 

Discussion (1).

Boettger (1906) emphasised that Conilithes brezinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879) did not occur at Coşteiu de Sus and united all brezinae-like specimens from that locality in his Conus sceptophorus. In the collections of the Natural History Museum Vienna, however, numerous specimens from Coşteiu de Sus undoubtedly represent C. brezinae. In contrast, not a single of these specimens agrees with the syntypes of Conilithes sceptophorus in the stout biconical outline and the zig-zag colour pattern. Whilst one might argue that Boettgers syntypes are just stout specimens of C. brezinae, the zig-zag colour pattern supports a separation because C. brezinae develops thin spiral lines. For the same reason we reject a synonymization with the Pliocene Italian Conilithes canaliculatus (Brocchi, 1814), as proposed by Kovacs & Balasz (2016), because this species has densely spaced spirals (see Paganelli 2014) (1).

 

Paleoenvironment. Unknown (1).

 

Distribution in Paratethys. Transylvanian Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), Coşteiu de Sus (Romania) (Boettger 1887, 1906) (1).

 


 

Conus sceptophorus

Taf. 2, Fig. 6, 8 a—b.

mm. 16 x 8

Miocene – Lapugy – Romania

 

5 I1-I3 Conilithes sceptophorus (Boettger, 1887),

SMF XII.2245a, syntype

Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania)

 

Conus miliaris fulgetrum 267 / 1 (Sowerby, II 1834)

mm. 12,8 X 8,5

El Quseir (Egitto)

[AZRC 267-01]

 

Conus miliaris fulgetrum (Sowerby II, 1834)

mm. 19,9 X 12,0

Hurgada (Egitto)

[AZRC 267-02]

 

 



Bibliografia Consultata

 

·        (1) - MATHIAS HARZHAUSER & BERNARD LANDAU A revision of the Neogene Conidae and Conorbidae (Gastropoda) of the Paratethys Sea

·        (2) - Böttger, O., 1887. Drei neue Conus aus dem Miocän von Lapugy und von Bordeaux. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschraft, 14: 3 -8

·        (3) - Kovacs, Z. & Balasz, P. (2016) Conidae (Neogastropoda) assemblage from the Middle Miocene of the Faget Basin (Romania) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 32, 11 - 48 (note: this paper appeared too late to be adequately integrated in our revision).